Garnet is the birthstone for January. 

"Garnet" comes from the Latin "Granatus," which means "seed-like," due to the gem's resemblance in size and color to pomegranate seeds. 

Garnets are mined in Tanzania, Sri Lanka, India, Kenya, Madagascar, among others.

Garnet rates 6 1/2 to 7 1/2 on the Mohs scale.